Rudolphina Menzel (née Waltuch, 1891-1973) was a Viennese-born Jewish scientist whose pioneering research on canine psychology, development, and behavior fundamentally shaped the ways dogs came to be trained, cared for, and understood. Between the world wars, Menzel was known all over Europe as one of the foremost researchers on canine cognition as well as among the most famous breeders and trainers of police dogs. Among her many contributions, Menzel invented the canine temperament test and revolutionized scientific understanding of canine olfaction. In 1938 Menzel escaped Nazi-occupied Austria and moved to Palestine, where she launched a series of ambitious canine initiatives: she published the first dog-training manual in Hebrew, founded the Palestine Kennel Club, established the Palestine Research Institute for Canine Psychology and Training, and organized dog handling courses for the Haganah.

Taught by Susan Kahn, Ph.D. Associate Director of the Julis-Rabinowitz Program on Jewish and Israeli Law at Harvard Law School.